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Publications and Patents

• Approx. 270 publications including 2 books, 3 journal volumes, 160 papers in refereed journals, 80 articles in books and proceedings, and 25 final research project reports.
• Twelve patents granted; 3 patents pending.
• Developer/Co-developer of eight commercial aerosol and nanoparticle instruments.

Refereed Papers

1. "A Submicron Aerosol Standard and the Primary, Absolute Calibration of the Condensation Nuclei Counter," with B.Y.H. Liu, J. Colloid Inteface Sci. 47:155-171 (1974).

2. "Equilibrium Bipolar Charge Distribution of Aerosols," with B.Y.H. Liu, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 49:305-312 (1974).

3. "Electrical Neutralization of Aerosols," with B.Y.H. Liu, J. Aerosol Sci. 5:465-472 (1974).

4. "A Portable Electrical Analyzer for Size Distribution Measurement of Submicron Aerosols," with B.Y.H. Liu and K.T. Whitby, J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 24:1067-1072 (1974).

5. "Characterization of California Aerosols I. Size Distribution of Freeway Aerosol," with K.T. Whitby, W.E. Clark, V.A. Marple, G.M. Sverdrup, G.J. Sem, K. Willeke and B.Y.H. Liu, Atmos. Environ. 9:463-482 (1975).

6. "On the Performance of the Electrical Aerosol Analyzer," with B.Y.H. Liu, J. Aerosol Sci. 6:249-264 (1975).

7. "Calibration of the Pollak Counter with Monodisperse Aerosols," with B.Y.H. Liu, A.W. Hogan and T.A. Rich, J. Appl. Meteorol. 14:46-51 (1975).

8. "Combustion and Photochemical Aerosols Attributable to Automobiles," with D.F. Miller, A. Levy, K.T. Whitby and W.E. Wilson, Jr., J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 26:576-581 (1976).

9. "Experimental Verification of the Theory of the Diffusion Battery," with D. Sinclair, R. Countes, and B.Y.H. Liu, J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 26:661-663 (1976).

10. "On Unipolar Diffusion Charging of Aerosols in the Continuum Regime," with B.Y.H. Liu, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 58:142-149 (1977); also in Colloid and Interface Sci. (M. Kerker et al., ed.), Vol. 1, p. 151, Academic Press, NY (1977).

11. "On the Hypothesis of Particle Fragmentation During Evaporation," with J.V. Iribarne, D. Corr and B.Y.H. Liu, Atmos. Environ. 11:639-642 (1977).

12. "Total Sulfur Aerosol Concentration with an Electrostatically Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector System," with D.B. Kittelson, R. McKenzie, M. Vermeersch, F. Dorman, M. Linne, B.Y.H. Liu and K.T. Whitby, Atmos. Environ. 12:105-111 (1978).

13. "The Aerosol Mobility Chromatograph: A New Detector for Sulfuric Acid Aerosols," with B.Y.H. Liu, K.T. Whitby, D.B. Kittelson, Y. Kousaka and R.L. McKenzie, Atmos. Environ. 12:99-104 (1978).

14. "Electrical Aerosol Analyzer: History, Principle and Data Reduction," with B.Y.H. Liu and A. Kapadia, Aerosol Measurement (D.A. Lundgren et al., eds.), P. 341-383, University of Florida Press, Gainesville, FL (1979).

15. "Electrical Aerosol Analyzer: Calibration and Performance," with B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Measurement (D.A. Lundgren et al., eds.), p. 384-399, University of Florida Press, Gainesville, FL (1979).

16. "Automatic Analysis of Submicron Aerosols," with D. Sinclair, R. Countess and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Measurement (D.A. Lundgren et al., eds.), p. 544-563, University of Florida Press, Gainesville, FL (1979).

17. "Diesel Particle Size Distribution Measurement Techniques," with D.G. Dolan and D.B. Kittelson, SAE Paper, No. 800187 (1980).

18. "Results of the WUFA-Workshop, Vienna, May 20-June 15, 1979," with B.Y.H. Liu, R.L. McKenzie, J.K. Agarwal, R. Jaenicke, F.G. Pohl, O. Preining, G. Reischl, W. Szymanski and P.E. Wagner, J. Aerosol Sci. 11:261-263 (1980).

19. "Aerosol Number and Mass Concentration Measurements: A Comparison of the Electrical Aerosol Analyzer with Other Measurement Techniques," with G.W. Mulholland, A. Kapadia and B.Y.H. Liu, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 77:57-67 (1980).
20. "Aerosol Sampling Inlets and Inhalable Particles," with B.Y.H. Liu, Atmos. Environ. 15:589-600 (1981).

21. "Drop Size Measurement of Liquid Aerosols," with B.Y.H. Liu and X.Q. Wang, Atmos. Environ. 16:563-5:67 (1982).

22. "Intercomparison of Different "Absolute" Instruments for Measurement of Aerosol Number Concentration," with B.Y.H. Liu, R.L. McKenzie, J.K. Agarwal, R. Jaenicke, F.G. Pohl, O. Preining, G. Reischl, W. Szymanski and P.E. Wagner, J. Aerosol Sci. 13:429-450 (1982).

23. "Characteristics of Air Sampling Filter Media," with B.Y.H. Liu, B.Y.H. and K.L. Rubow, Aerosol in the Mining and Industrial Work Environment Vol. III Instrumentation (V.A. Marple and B.Y.H. Liu, eds.), p. 989-1038, Ann Arbor Science (1982).

24. "Sampling of Carbon Fiber Aerosols," with B.Y.H. Liu and X.Q. Wang, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 2:499-511 (1983).

25. Aerosols: Science, Technology, and Industrial Applications of Airborne Particles, by B.Y.H. Liu, D.Y.H. Pui and H.J. Fissan, eds. Elesevier Science Publishing Co., Inc., New York, N.Y. (1984).

26. "Measurements of Kelvin-Equivalent Size Distributions of Well-Defined Aerosols with Particle Diameters Above 13nm," with B.Y.H. Liu, R.L. McKenzie, J.K. Agarwal, F.G. Pohl, O. Preining, G. Reischl, W. Szymanski and P.E. Wagner, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 3:107-115 (1984).

27. "Aerosol Problems in Coal Gasification Research," with B.Y.H. Liu, D.B. Kittelson, J.A. Armstrong, D. Thimsen, D. Pooler and R. Maurer, J. Aerosol Sci. 15:321-324 (1984).

28. "Performance of an Electrostatic Precipitator for Tar Removal in a Low BTU Coal Gasification Facility," with B.Y.H. Liu, D.B. Kittelson, T. Kotz, W. Szymanski, D. Thimsen, D. Lonick, D. Pooler and R. Maurer, In: Aerosols (B.Y.H. Liu, D.Y.H. Pui and H.J. Fissan, eds.) Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc., New York, N.Y. (1984).

29. "Electrostatic Effects in Aerosol Sampling and Filtration," with B.Y.H. Liu, K.L. Rubow and W.W. Szymanski, Ann. Occup. Hyg. 29:252-269 (1985).

30. "A Universal Aerosol Sampling Probe for High Efficiency Particle Sampling from Flowing Gas Streams," with B.Y.H. Liu, Particle Characterization 2:125-132 (1985).

31. "Response Characteristics for Four Condensation Nucleus Counters to Particles in the 3 to 50 nm Diameter Range," with H. Bartz, H. Fissan, C. Helsper, Y. Kousaka, K. Okuyama, N. Fukushima, P. Keady, S. Fruin, P.H. McMurry, and M.R. Stolzenburg, J. Aerosol Sci. 16:443-456 (1985).

32. "On Aerosol Sampling and Sampling Inlets," with B.Y.H. Liu, AEROSOLS: 2nd U.S. - Dutch International Symposium, (S.D. Lee et al., eds.), Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea, MI (1986).

33. "Response of a Laser Optical Particle Counter to Transparent and Light-Absorbing Particles," with B.Y.H. Liu and W. Szymanski, ASHRAE Transactions, V. 92, Pt. 1, No. 2971 (RP-354) (1986).

34. "Time Resolved Measurements of Industrial Pulse-Cleaned Cartridge Dust Collectors," with B.N. McDonald, R.E. Schaller, M.R. Engel, B.Y.H. Liu, and T.W. Johnson, Fluid Filtration: Gas, Volume I, ASTM STP 975 (R.R. Raber, ed.), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia (1986).

35. "An Optical Particle Counting System for Testing Industrial Pulse-Cleaned Cartridge Dust Collectors," with B.Y.H. Liu, R.E. Schaller, B.N. McDonald, and T.W. Johnson, Particle Characterization 3:68-73 (1986).

36. "Aerosol Charge Neutralization by a Radioactive Alpha Source," with B.Y.H. Liu and B.Y. Lin, Particle Characterization 3:111-116 (1986).

37. "Electrostatic Collection of Diesel Particles," with D.B. Kittelson and K.C. Moon, SAE Paper No. 860009 , SAE Transactions Arch T. Colwell Outstanding Paper Mertit Award (1986).

38. "Instrumentation for Aerosol Measurement," with B.Y.H. Liu, Handbook of Contamination Control in Microelectronics (D. Tolliver, ed.), pp.68-109, Noyes Publ., Park Ridge New Jersey (1986).

39. "Measurement of Electrostatic Charge Level on Airborne Dusts Resulting from Fracturing Process," with N.J. Bugli, AEROSOLS: Formation and Reactivity, Pergamon Journals Ltd, Oxford, England (1986).

40. "Performance of a Model Clean Room," with B.Y.H. Liu, J.W. Lee, K.H. Ahn and S.L. Stephen, presented at 8th International Symposium on Contamination Control, Milan, Italy, September 9-11, 1986; J. Environ. Sci. Vol. XXX, No. 5, p.22-25 (1987).

41. "Diffusion Charging of Ultrafine Aerosol Particle by Positive Helium, Argon and Nitrogen Ions," with M. Adachi, M., K. Okuyama, Y. Kousaka, and H. Kozuru, J. Applied Physics 62:3050-3052 (1987).

42. "Aerosol Charging and Neutralization and Electrostatic Discharge in Clean Rooms," with B.Y.H. Liu, W.O. Kinstly and W.G. Fisher, J. Environ. Sci. Vol. XXX, No. 2, pp. 42-46 (1987).

43. "Experimental Study of Particle Deposition in Bends of Circular Cross Section," with F. Romay-Novas and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 7:301-315 (1987).

44. "Unipolar Diffusion Charging of Ultrafine Aerosols," with S. Fruin and P.H. McMurry, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 8:173-187 (1988).

45. "Advances in Instrumentation for Atmospheric Aerosol Measurement," with B.Y.H. Liu, Physica Scripta 37:252-269 (1988).

46. "Generation of Monodisperse Aerosols in the 0.1-1.0µm Diameter Range Using a Mobility Classification - Inertial Impaction Techniques," with F.J. Romay-Novas, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 9:123-131 (1988).

47. "Evaluating Lens Purge Systems for Optical Sensors on Turbine Engines," with T. Hayden, T., D. Myhre, T.H. Kuehn and C.J. Tsai, Paper No. AIAA-88-3037, AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 24th Joint Propulsion Conference, July 11-13, 1988, Boston, MA (1988).

48. "Laboratory and Field Measurements of Fractional Efficiency of Industrial Dust Collectors," with M.H. Bergin, M.H., T.H. Kuehn and W.T. Fay, 1989 ASHRAE Transaction V. 95, Pt. 2, No. 3264 (RP-531) (1989).

49. "Bipolar Diffusion Charging of Aerosol Particles under High Particle/Ion Concentration Ratio," with M. Adachi, K. Okuyama, Y. Kousaka, and H. Kozuru, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 11:144-156 (1989).

50. "Dust Concentration Modeling for Industrial Operations," with Fay, W.T., T.H. Kuehn and M.H. Bergin, 1989 ASHRAE Transaction V. 95, Pt. 2, No. 3263 (RP-531) (1989).

51. "Numerical Study of Particle Deposition in Bends of Circular Cross Section -- Laminar Flow Regime," with C.J. Tsai, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 12:813-831 (1990).

52. "Advances in Instrumentation for Microcontamination Measurement," Aerosols: Science, Industry, Health and Environment (Masuda, S. and Takahashi, eds.), pp.21-25, Pergamon Press, New York (1990).

53. "Experimental Study of Submicrometer and Ultrafine Particle Penetration and Pressure Drop for High Efficiency Filters," with D.W. Van Osdell, B.Y.H. Liu, and K.L. Rubow, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 12:911-925 (1990).

54. "Capture and Rebound of Small Particles Upon Impact with Solid Surfaces," with C.J. Tsai and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 12:497-507 (1990).

55. "Performance of the High Yield Technology PM-100 In-Situ Particle Flux Monitor," with R. Caldow, W.W. Szymanski, and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 12:981-991 (1990).

56. "Experimental Study of Particle Deposition on Semiconductor Wafers," with Y. Ye and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 12:795-804 (1990).

57. "A Compact Coiled Denuder for Atmospheric Sampling," with C.W. Lewis, C.J. Tsai and B.Y.H. Liu, Environ. Sci. Technol. 24:307-312 (1990).

58. "Particle Deposition in a Tube with an Abrupt Contraction," with Y. Ye, J. Aerosol Sci. 21:29-40 (1990).

59. "Wear Particle Generation in Thin Film Computer Disk Drives: Experimental Study," with C.J. Tsai and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 15:36-48 (1990).

60. "Reduction of Particle Deposition on a Free-Standing Semiconductor Wafer by Thermophoretic Effect," with S. Opiolka, H. Fissan, and Y. Ye Swiss Contamination Control, 3(4a):85-88 (1990).

61. "Needs and Precautions for the Use of Dust Collectors in Industrial Environments," with T.H. Kuehn, 1990 ASHRAE Transaction V. 96, Pt. 1, AT-90-15-1 (1990).

62. "Using Standard Particles to Evaluate Wafer Cleaning Techniques," with J.L. Rooney, and D.C. Grant, Microcontamination 8:37-40,89-99 (May, 1990).

63. "Aerosols," with B.Y.H. Liu, Encyclopaedia of Applied Physics (G.L. Trigg, ed.), Vol. 1, pp. 415- 441, VCH Publishers, New York (1991).

64. "Theoretical and Experimental Particle Size Response of Wafer Surface Scanners," with Lee, H.S., S.K. Chae, Y. Ye, and G.L. Wojcik, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 14:177-192 (1991).

65. "Thermophoretic Effect of Particle Deposition on a Free Standing Semiconductor Wafer in a Clean Room," with Y. Ye, B.Y.H. Liu, S. Opiolka, S. Blumborst and H. Fissan, J. Aerosol Sci. 22:63-72 (1991).

66. "Particle Transmission Characteristics of an Annular Denuder Ambient Sampling System," with Y. Ye, C.J. Tsai, and C.W. Lewis, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 14:102-111 (1991).

67. "Development of an Automatic System for Measuring Particle Charge and Size Distributions in a Clean Room," with M. Adachi and B.Y.H. Liu, Particle Characterization 8:200-208 (1991).

68. "Particle Detachment from Disk Surfaces of Computer Disk Drives," with C.J. Tsai and B.Y.H. Liu, J. Aerosol Sci. 22:737-746 (1991).

69. "Unipolar Diffusion Charging of Aerosol Particles at Low Pressure," with F.J. Romay and M. Adachi, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 15:60-68 (1991).

70. "Matching Filtration to Health Requirements," with T.H. Kuehn, D. Vesley, C.D. Berg and M. Peloquin, ASHRAE Transaction V.97, Pt. 2, No. 3505 (RP-625), (1991).

71. "Elastic Flattening and Particle Adhesion," with C.J. Tsai and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 15:239-255 (1991).

72. "Use of Electrostatic Classification Method to Size 0.1 µm SRM Particles -- A Feasibility Study," with P. Kinney, G.W. Mulholland and N.P. Bryner, J. Research NIST 96:147-176 (1991).

73. "On the Combination Coefficient of Positive Ions with Ultrafine Neutral Particles in the Transition and Free Molecular Regimes," with F.J. Romay, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 17: 134-147 (1992).

74. "Free Electron Charging of Ultrafine Aerosol Particles," with F.J. Romay, J. Aerosol Sci. 23: 679-692 (1992).

75. "High-Efficiency Unipolar Aerosol Charger Using a Radioactive Alpha Source," with M. Adachi and F.J. Romay, J. Aerosol Sci. 23: 123-137 (1992).

76. "Experimental and Numerical Results for Air Flow and Particle Transport in a Microelectronics Clean Room," with T.H. Kuehn and J.P. Gratzek, ASHRAE Transaction, V.98, Pt. 1, AN-92-9-2 (1992).

77. "Results of the IES Cleanroom Flow Modeling Exercise," with T.H. Kuehn and J.P. Gratzek, J. Environ. Sci. vol. XXXV(2), pp. 37-48, March/April (1992).

78. "Transport and Deposition of Wear Particles in Computer Disk Drives," with C.J. Tsai and B.Y.H. Liu, Part. & Part. Sys. Character. 9: 31-39 (1992).

79. "Aerosol Charge Neutralization by a Corona Ionizer," with M. Adachi and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 18: 48-58 (1993).

80. "Convective and Diffusive Dispersion of Particles in Laminar Tube Flow: Effects on Time-Dependent Concentration Measurements," with M.S.P. Gomes, J.H. Vincent and B.Y.H. Liu, J. Aerosol Sci. 24: 643-654 (1993).

81. "Design and Performance Evaluation of a Pressure Reducing Device for Aerosol Sampling from High Purity Gases," with J.K. Lee, K.L. Rubow and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 19: 215-226 (1993).

82. "Condensation-Induced Particle Formation during Vacuum Pump Down," with Y. Ye and B.Y.H. Liu, Journal of the Electrochemical Society 140: 1463-1468 (1993).

83. "A Sonic Jet Corona Ionizer for Electrostatic Discharge and Aerosol Neutralization," with F.J. Romay and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 20: 31-41 (1994).

84. "Direct-Reading Instruments for Analyzing Airborne Particles," with D.L. Swift, In: Air Sampling Instruments for Evaluation of Atmospheric Contaminants, Chapter 16, 8th Edition, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, OH (1994).

85. "A Compact Porous Denuder for Atmospheric Sampling of Inorganic Aerosols," with W.S. Poon, C.T. Lee and B.Y.H. Liu, J. Aerosol Sci. 25: 923-934 (1994).

86. "Calibration of the Electrical Aerosol Analyzer at Subambient Pressures," with F.J. Romay, B.Y.H. Liu and R. Goles, Part. & Part. Sys. Charact., 11: 159-165 (1994).

87. "Numerical and Experimental Studies of Particle Deposition in a tube with a Conical Contraction," with D.R. Chen, J. Aerosol Sci. 26: 563-574 (1995).

88. "Electrospraying of Conducting Liquids for Monodisperse Aerosol Generation in the 4 nm to 1.8 µm Diameter Range," with D.R. Chen and S.L. Kaufman, J. Aerosol Sci. 26: 963-977 (1995).

89. "Inlet Efficiency Study for the TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizer," with P.D. Kinney, Part. & Part. Sys. Charact. 12: 188-193 (1995).

90. "Comparative Study of Pressure Reducers for Aerosol Sampling from High Purity Gases," with J.K. Lee, K.L. Rubow and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Science and Technology 23: 481-490 (1995).

91. "Filter Collection Efficiency and Growth of Microorganisms on Filters Loaded with Outdoor Air," with S.J. Kemp, T.H. Kuehn, D. Vesley and A.J. Streifel, ASHRAE Transaction V.101, Pt.1, pp.228-238 (1995).

92. "Growth of Microorganisms on HVAC Filters under Controlled Temperature and Humidity Conditions," with S.J. Kemp, T.H. Kuehn, D. Vesley and A.J. Streifel, ASHRAE Transaction V.101, Pt.1, pp.305-316 (1995).

93. "Evaluation of a Nonvolatile Residue Monitor for Measurement of Residue after Evaporation of IPA and Acetone," with P.D. Kinney, B.Y.H. Liu, T.A. Kerrick, and D.B. Blackford, Journal of the IES vol. March/April, pp.27-35 (1995).

94. "Optimization of Pleated Filter Designs Using a Finite-Element Numerical Model," with D.R. Chen and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 23: 579-590 (1995).

95. "Direct-Reading Instrumentation for Workplace Aerosol Measurements: A Review," Analyst Vol. 121, pp. 1215-1224 (1996).

96. "Experimental Comparison of Four Differential Mobility Analyzers for Nanometer Aerosol Measurements," with H. Fissan, D. Hummes, F. Stratmann, P. Buescher, S. Neumann, and D. Chen, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 24: 1-13 (1996).

97. "Filter Pleating Design for Cabin Air Filtration,"with D.R. Chen, SAE Paper No. 960944, presented at SAE International Congress & Exposition, Feb 26-29, 1996, Detroit, MI (1996).

98. "Corona Discharge Effects on Aerosol Sampling Efficiency," with F.J. Romay, T.J. Smith, N.D. Ngo and J.H. Vincent, Atmos. Environ. 30: 2607-2613 (1996).

99. "Dispersion of Large Particles in the Near Wake of a Disc in a Turbulent Freestream," with S. Sato and J.H. Vincent, J. Aerosol Sci. 27: 559-573 (1996).

100. "Differential Mobility Analyzer for Nano- Particle Sizing," with H. Fissan and D. Hummes, In: Synthesis and Processing of Nanocrystalline Powder (D. L. Bourell, ed.), pp. 289-297, TMS (Minerals.Metals.Materials) Publication, TX (1996).

101. "Characterization of Particle Size for Polydisperse Powders Aerosolized and Detected by Light Scattering," with S. Sato and J.H. Vincent Part. & Part. Sys. Charact. 13: 234-237 (1996).

102. "On the Retention of Inertialess Particles in the Near Wake Region of a Two-Dimensional Flate Plate Placed Normal to an Aerosol Laden Freestream," with M.S.P. Gomes and J.H. Vincent, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 26:269-284 (1997).

103. "Numerical Modeling of the Performance of Differential Mobility Analyzers for Nanometer Aerosol Measurements," with D.R. Chen, J. Aerosol Sci. 28:985-1004 (1997).

104. "Experimental Investigation of Scaling Laws for Electrospraying: Dielectric Constant Effect," with D.R. Chen, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 27:367-380 (1997).

105. "Particle Behavior in Vacuum Systems: Implications for In-Situ Particle Monitoring in Semiconductore Processing Equipment," with P.D. Kinney, G.N. Bae and B.Y.H. Liu, Journal of the IES November/December: 40-45 (1996).

106. "Effect of Airborne Contaminants on Magnetic Head Wear," with K.S. Woo and D.R. Chen, Wear 212:7-17(1997).

107. "Guest Editorial: Nanometer Particles: A New Frontier for Multidisciplinary Research," with D.R. Chen, J. Aerosol Sci. 28:539-544(1997).

108. "Characterization of Nanoparticles in the Gas-Borne State and on Surface," with H. Fissan, NanoStructured Materials 9:63-66 (1997).

109. "Thermophoresis in Turbulent Pipe Flow," with F.J. Romay, S.S. Takagaki, and B.Y.H. Liu, J. Aerosol Sci. 29:943-960.(1998).

110. "Investigation of Aerosol Spatial Distributions Downstream of a Critical Orifice at Low Pressure," with G.N. Bae, P.D. Kinney, and B.Y.H. Liu, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 28:479-488 (1998)

111. "Effects of Particle Polydispersity and Shape Factor during Dust Cake Loading on Air Filters," with Y. Endo and D.R. Chen, Powder Technology 98/3:241-249(1998).

112. "Bimodal Aerosol Loading and Dust Cake Formation on Air Filters," with Y. Endo and D.R. Chen, Filtration and Separation 35:191-195 (1998).

113. "Collection Efficiency of Sintered Ceramic Filters Made of Submicron Spheres," with Endo, and D.R. Chen, Filtration and Separation March: 43-47 (2002).

114. "Particle Transmission Through a Turbo Pump," with P. Kinney and B.Y.H. Liu, J. Inst. Environ. Sci. Vol. XLI (May/June): 31-34 (1998).

115. "Design and Evaluation of a Nanometer Aerosol Differential Mobility Analyzer (Nano-DMA)," with D.R. Chen, D. Hummes, H. Fissan, F.R. Quant and G.J. Sem, J. Aerosol Sci. 29:497-509 (1998).

116. "Design and Testing of an Aerosol/Sheath Inlet for High Resolution Measurements with the DMA," with G. W. Mulholland, M. Fernandez and D.R. Chen, J. Aerosol Sci. 30:983-999 (1999).

117. "A High-Efficiency, High-Throughput Unipolar Aerosol Charger for Nanoparticles," with D.R. Chen, Journal of Nanoparticle Research 1:115-126 (1999).

118. "Measurements of the Effluent from Hamburger Cooked on a Gas Under-Fired Broiler -- ASHRAE 745-RP," with Gerstler, W.D., T.H. Kuehn and J.W. Ramsey, ASHRAE Transaction Vol. 105, part 2 (1999).

119. "Comparison of Emissions from Selected Commercial Kitchen Appliances and Food Products -- ASHRAE 745-RP," with Gerstler, W.D., T.H. Kuehn and J.W. Ramsey, ASHRAE Transaction Vol. 105, part 2 (1999).

120. "Special Issue: Nanometer Particles: A New Frontier for Multidisciplinary
Research," with D.R. Chen and J.R. Brock (guest-editors), Journal of Aerosol
Science, Volume 29, Number 5/6, 1998.

121. "The effect of freestream turbulence on the transport of particles in the vicinity of a blunt flow obstacle" with J.H. Vincent and M.S.P. Gomes, Atmos. Environ. 33, 4459-4468 (1998).

122. “Performance Evaluation of the Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI),” with M. Marjamaki, J. Keskinen and D.R. Chen, J. Aerosol Sci. 31:249-261.(1999).

123. “Direct Reading Instruments for the Determination of Aerosols and Particles,” with D.R. Chen, in Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry (R.A. Meyers, ed.), pp.4649-4669, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, (2000).

124. “Direct-Reading Instruments for Analyzing Airborne Particles,” with Da-Ren Chen, Air Sampling Instruments, ACGIH (2001).

125. “A Nanometer Aerosol Size Analyzer (nASA) for Rapid Measurement of High Concentration Size Distributions,” with Han, H.S., D.R. Chen, and B.E. Anderson, Journal Nanoparticle Research 2:43-52 (2000).

126. “Air and Water Permeation Resistance across Dust Cakes on Filters – Effect of Particle Polydispersity and Shape Factor,” with Endo, Y. and D.R. Chen, Powder Technology 118:24-31 (2001).

127. “Use of Continuous Measurements of Integral Aerosol Parameters to Estimate Particle Surface Area,” with Woo, K.S., D.R. Chen and W.E. Wilson, Aerosol Science and Technology 34:1-9 (2001).

128. “Measurement of Atlanta Aerosol Size Distributions in the 3 nm to 2 µm Diameter Range,” with Woo, K.S., D.R. Chen, and P.H. McMurry, Aerosol Science and Technology 34:75-87 (2001).

129. “A Novel Method for Producing Spatially Uniform Aerosols at the Low Pressure Environment,” with Sato, S. and D.R. Chen, Aerosol Science and Technology 36: 145-153 (2002).

130. “A Novel Approach for Introducing Bio-materials into Cells,” with Wendt, C.H. and D.R. Chen, Journal Nanoparticle Research 2:133-139 (2000).

131. “Size Distribution of 3-10 nm Atmospheric Particles: Implication for Nucleation Mechanisms,” with McMurry, P.H., K.S. Woo, R. Webber, D.R. Chen, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A(2000)358:2625-2642 (2000).

132. “Theoretical Consideration of Permeation Resistance of Fluid through a Particle Packed Layer,” with Y. Endo and D.R. Chen, Powder Technology 124:119-126 (2002).

133. “Particle Deposition at Low Pressure: Deposition in Bends of a Circular Cross Section,” with S. Sato and D.R. Chen, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 37:770-779 (2003).

134. “Particle Transport at Low Pressure: Deposition in a Tube with an Abrupt Contraction,” with S. Sato and D.R. Chen, J. Aerosol Sci. 33:659-671(2002).

135. “The Effects of Exhaust Air Velocity on Grease Deposition in Kitchen Exhaust Ductwork,” with W.D. Gerstler, T.H. Kuehn and J.W. Ramsey, ASHRAE Transactions 2002, V.108, Pt.1, AC-02-16-1 (4548) (RP-1033), (2002).

136. “An Experimental Study of Filter Loading with Liquid Aerosols,” with G.S. Earnest and D.R. Chen, submitted to American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal (2002).

137. “Molecular Dynamics Study of Nanoparticle Collision with a Surface – Implication to Nanoparticle Filtration,” with S. Sato and D.R. Chen, submitted to J. Aerosol Sci. (2002).

138. “Experimental Study of a Nanoparticle Virtual Impactor,” with Poshin Lee and D.R. Chen, J. Nanoparticle Research 5:296-280 (2003).

139. “Experimental Study of Nanoparticle Penetration Efficiency through Coils of Circular Cross-Sections,” with S.J. Yook, submitted to Aerosol Sci. Technol. (2005).

140. “Emerging Issues in Nanoparticle Aerosol Science and Technology,” with S.K. Friedlander, J. Nanoparticle Research 6:313-320 (2004).

141. “Protection Schemes for Critical Surface in Vacuum Environments,” with J.H. Kim, C. Asbach, S.J. Yook, K. Orvek, A. Ramarmoorthy, and H. Fissan, J. Vaccuum Sci. Technol. A (in press, 2005).

142. “Analytical Modeling of Particle Stopping Distance at Low Pressure to Evaluate Protection Schemes for EUVL Masks,” with C. Asbach, J.H. Kim, S.J. Yook and H. Fissan, submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett. (2005).

143. “Modeling of Protection Schemes for Critical Surfaces under Low Pressure Conditions: Comparison of Analytical and Numerical Approach,” with C. Asbach, J.H. Kim, S.J. Yook and H. Fissan, submitted to J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. B (2005).

144. “Investigation of Thermophoretic Protection under Vacuum Environment with Speed-Controlled Particles,” with J.H. Kim, C. Asbach, S.J. Yook, K. Orvek, A. Ramamoorthy, and H. Fissan, submitted to J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. B (2005).

145. “Use of the Electrical Aerosol Detector as an Indicator for the Total Particle Surface Area Deposited in the Lung,” with W.E. Wilson, H.S. Han, J. Stanek, J. Turner, and T. Johnson, submitted to J. Air Waste Management Assoc. (2005)

146. “Experimental and Modeling Studies of the Stream-Wise Filter Vibration Effect on the Filtration Efficiency,” with S.C. Kim, H. Wang, M. Imagawa and D.R. Chen, submitted to Aerosol Sci. Technol. (2005)

147. “Measurements of Slip Correction Factor at Reduced Pressure,” with J.H. Kim, G.W. Mulholland, J. Res. Natl. Inst. Std. Technol. 110:31-54 (2005)

Selected Reports and Articles

"Fundamental Studies on Electrostatic Precipitation," with B.Y.H. Liu, Final Report, U.S. ERDA Contract E(11-1) - 1248 (July, 1977). Publication No. 338, Particle Technology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering
Department, U. of Minn., MN.

"Aerosol Generation and Calibration of Instruments," with B.Y.H. Liu, Proceedings: Advances in Particle Sampling and Measurement (Asheville, NC, May 14-17, 1978) p. 260-292, EPA-600/7-79-065, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC.

"Modeling of SRI Impactor Data and Calculation of IP Concentration," with A. Kapadia and K.T. Whitby, Final Report, Southern Research Institute Contract No. N0014 (Oct., 1979). Publication No. 402, Particle Technology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Dept., U. of MN, Mpls., MN.

"Filter Media for Sampling Diesel Particles," with D.B. Kittelson and K.C. Moon, Final Report, Submitted to the Coordinating Research Council, Publication No. 435, Particle Technology Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Mpls., MN (1981).

"Measurement of Submicrometer Particles by In-situ Techniques," with K.T. Whitby, Proceedings: Measurement and Control of Particulates Generated from Human Activities, p. 9-26 (Nov. 11-13, 1980, Kyoto, Japan). EPRI publication.

"Collection Efficiency of Aerosol Samplers," Kolloqium WS 1981/1982, Fachgebietes Aerosolmesstechnik, Universitat Duisburg, P. 1-14, Duisburg, West Germany, (1982).

"A New Universal HPLC Detector for Compounds of Low Volatility," with B.Y.H. Liu and J.D. Mulik, Final Report, Submitted to Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Publication No. 493, Particle Technology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, Mpls, MN (1983)

"A Droplet Electrification Detector for High Performance Liquid Chromatography," with B.Y.H. Liu and J.D. Mulik, Final Report, Submitted to Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Publication No. 494, Particle Technology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.

"Synthetic Fuel Gas from Petroleum Coke - Performance in an Industrial Gasifier," with D. Thimsen, A.R. Pooler, D.B. Kittelson and B.Y.H. Liu, Proceedings: Synfuel and Coal Energy Symposium, 8th Annual Energy Sources Technology Conference and Exhibition, (New Orleans, LA, Feb. 12-16, 1984), ASME publications.

"Fixed-Bed Gasification Research Using U.S. Coals," with D. Thimsen, R.E. Maurer, A.R. Pooler, B.Y.H. Liu and D.B. Kittelson, Final Report, U.S. Bureau of Mines Contract No. H0222001. Available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA., including:
Volume Title Date
1 Program and Facility Description Oct., 85
2 Gasification of Jetson Bituminous Coal Mar., 85
3 Gasification of Rosebud Subbituminous Coal Mar., 85
4 Gasification of Leucite Hills Subituminous Coal Mar., 85
5 Gasification of Stahlman Stoker Bituminous Coal Mar., 85
6 Gasification of Delayed Petroleum Coke May, 85
7 Gasification of Piney Tipple Bituminous Coal May, 85
8 Gasification of River King Illinois #6 Coal May, 85
9 Gasification of Elkhorn Bituminous Coal May, 85
10 Gasification of Benton Lignite May, 85
11 Gasification of Minnesota Peat May, 85
12 Gasification of Absaloka Subbituminous Coal May, 85
13 Gasification of Blind Canyon Bituminous Coal May, 85
14 Gasification of Kemmerer Subbituminous Coal May, 85
15 Gasification of "Fresh-Mined" Rosebud
Subbituminous Coal Dec., 85
16 Gasification of Peat Sods Dec., 85
17 Gasification and Liquids Recovery of Four U.S. Coals Dec., 85
18 Program Summary and Correlations Dec., 85
19 Executive Summary Dec., 85

"Fixed-Bed Gasification of Low Rank Coals: Performance in an Industrial Gasifier," with D. Thimsen, A.R. Pooler, B.Y.H. Liu, and D.B. Kittelson, Proceedings: 13th. Biennial Lignite Symposium on Technology and Use of Low Rank Coals, (Bismarck, ND, May 21-23, 1985), DOE publications.

"Performance of Utah Bituminous Coal in a Single Stage Gasifier," with R. Maurer, D. Thimsen, A.R. Pooler, B.Y.H. Liu and D.B. Kittelson Proceedings: 4th Annual Contractors Conference on Coal Gasification, (October 24-25, 1985, Palo Alto, CA), EPRI publications.

"Performance of HEPA and ULPA Filters," with Liu, B.Y.H. and K.L. Rubow Proceedings: 31st Annual Technical Meeting of the Institute of Environmental Sciences, (April 29-May 2, 1985, Las Vegas, Nevada).

"Method and Apparatus for Quantitative Fit Test of Respirators: Performance of Commercial Medical Nebulizers," with B.Y.H. Liu, B.Y.H. and W. Szymanski, Final Report, National Bureau of Standards Contract NB83NADA4057, PTL#578, (1985).

"Evaluation of Pressure Reducing Devices for High Purity Gas Sampling," with F. Romay-Novas, S.Z. Wang and B.Y.H. Liu, Proceedings: 33rd Annual Technical Meeting of Institute of Environmental Science (San Jose, CA, May 4-8, 1987).

"New Concepts in Aerosol Filtration: Experimental Studies and Filter Media Evaluation," with B.Y.H. Liu and K.L. Rubow, Proceedings: 1987 U.S. Army CRDEC Conference on Chemical Defense Research, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, November 17-20, (1987).

"New Concepts in Aerosol Filtration: Data Analysis and Performance Evaluation," with B.Y.H. Liu, B.Y.H. and K.L. Rubow Proceedings: 1987 U.S. Army CRDEC Conference on Chemical Defense Research, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, November 17-20, (1987).

"Powder Size Analysis Using Aerosol Measurement Techniques," with N. Whitby and A. Dragoo, Final Report, Submitted to National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland.

"Charge Level on Aerosol Particles: Measurement of Particle Charge and Size Distribution in Disk Drive," with C.J. Tsai and B.Y.H. Liu, Proceedings: 34th Ann. Meeting of the Institute of Environ. Sci. p.395-399, King of Prussia, PA, May 3-5, (1988).

"Dust Collector Recirculation for Industrial Processes," with T.H. Kuehn, M.H. Bergin and W.T. Fay, Final Report for ASHRAE RP-531, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., Atlanta, GA; PTL Publication No. 677 (1988).

"New Concepts of Aerosol Filtration: Air Filtration in the Transition Regime," with B.Y.H. Liu, Z.Q. Zhang and K.L. Rubow, Final Report for U.S. Army Contract No. DAAA15-85-C-0045, PTL Publication No. 686, (1988).

"Calibration of the Electrical Aerosol Analyzer at Subambient Pressures," with F.J. Romay, Final Report, submitted to Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Particle Technology Laboratory Publication No. 767, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minnesota (1990).

"Experimental Measurements of Cleanroom Airflow and Particle Transport for Flow Modelling Exercise," with J. Gratzek and T.H. Kuehn, Proceedings: IES 37th Annual Technical Meeting, pp. 90-97, San Diego, CA, May 6-10, (1991).

"Numerical Results of Cleanroom Flow Modelling Exercise," with Kuehn, T.H. and J.P. Gratzek, Proceedings: IES 37th Annual Technical Meeting, pp.98-107, San Diego, CA, May 6-10, (1991).

"Numerical Study of Transport and Deposition of Wear Particles in Computer Disk Drives," with Tsai, C.J. and B.Y.H. Liu, Proceedings: IES 37th Annual Technical Meeting, pp. 113-122, San Diego, CA, May 6-10, (1991).

"Workshop on Aerosols and Industry," with D.S. Ensor, R.C. Flagan and D.T. Shaw, A Report submitted to Fluid, Particulate and Hydraulic Systems, National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. (1991).

"Recent Development in Denuder Technology for Atmospheric Sampling," with C.J. Tsai and Y. Ye, Proceedings: First Symposium on Pollution and Health Effects of Aerosols, September 10-12, Taipei, Taiwan (1991).

"Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Residue Particles Formed during Pressure Reduction," with Ye, Y., B.Y.H. Liu and P.H. McMurry, Proceedings: 38th Annual Meeting of Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nashville, TN, May 3-8 (1992).

"Matching Filtration to Health Requirements: Phase II," with T.H. Kuehn, D. Vesley, S.J. Kemp, A. Streifel, J. Marx and A. Alfred, ASHRAE RP-625 Final Report, submitted to ASHRAE TC2.4, Atlanta, GA, Nov. 8, (1993).

"Development of Advanced Test Methods for Cleanroom Garments," with B.Y.H. Liu, B.Y.H., Y. Ye and E. Gallo, Proceedings: 39th Annual Technical Meeting of Institute of Environmental Sciences, pp. 68-78, Las Vegas, NV, May 2-7, (1993).

"Inertial Behavior of Airborne Particles in the Wake of a Long Flat Plate," with M.S.P. Gomes and J.H. Vincent, Proceedings Fourth International Aerosol Conference, August 29- September 2, 1994, Los Angeles, CA.

"Performance of a Non-Volatile Residue Monitor for Measuring Impurities in Acetone and Isopropyl Alcohol," with P.D. Kinney, T.H. Kerrik and D.B. Blackford, Proceedings Fourth International Aerosol Conference, August 29- September 2, 1994, Los Angeles, CA.

"A Compact Porous-Metal Denuder Sampler for Atmospheric and Indoor Air Sampling of Inorganic Acidic Pollutants: Field Comparison with an Annular Denuder System," with W.S. Poon and B.Y.H. Liu, Proceedings Fourth International Aerosol Conference, August 29- September 2, 1994, Los Angeles, CA.

"Numerical Modeling and Design of a Nanometer Aerosol Differential Mobility Analyzer," with D.R. Chen, Proceedings of the 1997 ASME Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting, FEDSM97-3617, Vancouver, BC, June 22-26, (1997).

"Filter Pleating Designs of Panel and Cartridge Filters," with D.R. Chen, Proceedings of the 1997 American Filtration Society Meeting, April 29-May 2, 1997.

"Experimental Studies of Particle Transport in Air Flows Near Bluff Bodies, With and Without Aspiration," with J.H. Vincent, G. Ramachandran, M.S.P. Gomes, S. Sato and A. Sreenath, Proceedings of the 1997 ASME Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting, FEDSM97-3634, Vancouver, BC, June 22-26, 1997.

"Bioaerosol Filtration Efficiency -- Field Measurements," with T.H. Kuehn, D. Vesley and S.L. Kemp, Advances in Filtration & Separation Technology (E.R. Baumann and L. Weisert, ed.), Vol. 11:398-403, American Filtration & Separations Society, AL (1997).

"Identification and Characterization of Effluents from Various Cooking Applications and Processes as Related to Optimum Design of Kitchen Ventilation Systems," with T.H. Kuehn, J.W. Ramsey, W.D. Gerstler, and M.P. Doerr, Final Report, ASHRAE 745-RP (July, 1998).

"Nanoparticles: Technologies and Applications, Book of Abstracts (ISSN 1436-509X) for the 2nd Joint NSF-ESF Symposium,“ with H. Fissan, F. Otten and J. Schoonman, eds.,Tacoma, WA, October 10, 1999.

“Instrumentation and Measurement Issues for Nanoparticles—A DOE Workshop Report,” with J.R. Brock, D.R. Chen, H. Fissan, C.D. Frisbie, C.E. Lyman, J.C. Miller, G.W. Mulholland, R. Pecora, O. Preining, Journal of Nanoparticle Research 2:103-112 (2000).

“Nanoparticles: Applications in Materials Science and Environmental Science and Engineering, Book of Abstracts (ISSN 1436-509X) for the 3rd Joint NSF-ESF Symposium,” with F. Otten, H. Fissan, J. Schoonman, and P. Biswas, eds., Dublin, Ireland, September 6, 2000.

“Generation of High Concentration Nanoparticles for Filtration Studies,” with D.R. Chen, Proceedings of the Eighteenth Symposium on Energy Engineering Science, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, May 15-16, 2000.

“Nanoparticles: Aerosols and Materials, Book of Abstracts (ISSN 1436-509X) for the International Symposium” with F. Otten, H. Fissan, M. Choi, P. Biswas, K. Okuyama, J. Schoonman, eds., Pusan, Korea, July 5-6, 2001.

“NASA’s Atmospheric Effects of Aviation Project: Results of the August 1999 Aerosol Measurement Intercomparison Workshop, T-38 Aircraft Sampling Phase,” with Cofer, W.R., B.E. Anderson, V.S. Connors, C.C. Wey, T. Sanders, E.L. Winstead, D.R. Cheng, D.E. Hagan and P. Whitefield, NASA/TM-2001-211226, 2001.

"Nanoparticles: Technology and Sustainable Development," with Fissan, H., F. Otten, M. Choi, K. Okuyama, H.M. Chein, C.S. Wang and C.J. Tsai, eds, Book of Abstracts (ISSN 1436-509X) for International Nanoparticle Symposium, Taipei, Taiwan, September 9-10, 2002.

“Nanoparticle Filtration: Molecular Dynamics Simulation,” with Sato, S. and D.R. Chen, Proceedings: Twentieth Symposium on Energy Engineering Sciences, pp. 255-261, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, May 20-21, 2002

“International Symposium on Nanoparticles: Technology and Sustainable Development,” Taipei, Taiwan, September 9-10, 2002,” with M. Choi, H.M. Chein, H. Fissan, K. Okuyama, J. Nanoparticle Research 4:571-573, 2002.

“Design and Preliminary Results of an Atmospheric Chamber to Evaluate Nanoparticle Protection Schemes for EUVL Carrier System,” with S.J. Yook, J.H. Kim, C. Asbach, H. Fissan, A. Ramamoorthy and P.Y. Yan, Proceedings of the Third International EUVL Symposium, Miyazaki, Japan, November 1-4, (2004).

“Modeling of Thermophoretic and Electrophoretic Effects for Particle Transport and Deposition in EUVL Systems,” with C. Asbach, J.H. Kim, S.J. Yook, T. van der Zwaag, H. Fisan, Proceedings of the Third International EUVL Symposium, Miyazaki, Japan, November 1-4, (2004).

“Design and Preliminary Results of a Vacuum Chamber to Evaluate Nanoparticle Protection Schemes for EUVL Vacuum System,” with J.H. Kim, S.J. Yook, C. Asbach, H. Fissan, K. Orvek, A. Ramamoorthy, Proceedings of the Third International EUVL Symposium, Miyazaki, Japan, November 1-4, (2004).

Patents

#US 2003/0143315 A1 (Published and Pending; July 31, 2003)
Pui, David Y.H., and Da-Ren Chen
“Coating Medical Devices”

#US Patent#6,746,869 (June 8, 2004)
Pui, David Y.H., and Da-Ren Chen
“Electrospraying Apparatus and Method for Coating Particles”

US Patent# 6,399,362 B1 (June 4, 2002)
Pui, D.Y.H., and Da-Ren Chen
“Electrospraying Apparatus and Method for Introducing Material into Cells”

US Patent# 6,093,557 (July 25, 2000)
Pui, D.Y.H., and Da-Ren Chen
“Electrospraying Apparatus and Method for Introducing Material into Cells”

US Patent# 6,764,720 (July 20, 2004)
Pui, D.Y.H., and Da-Ren Chen
“High Mass Throughput Particle Generation Using Multiple Nozzle Spraying”

US Patent# 6,230,572 B1 (May 15, 2001)
Pui, D.Y.H., Da-Ren Chen, Frederick R. Quant, Gilmore J. Sem, Heinz Fissan, Detlef Hummes, and Frank Dorman
“Instrument for Measuring and Classifying Nanometer Aerosols”

US Patent# 5,973,904 (October 26, 1999)
Pui, D.Y.H., and Da-Ren Chen
“Particle Charging Apparatus and Method of Charging Particles”

US Patent# 6,145,391 (extension of 5,992,244; Nov. 14, 2000)
Pui, D.Y.H., and Da-Ren Chen
“Charged Particle Neutralizing Apparatus and Method of Neutralizing Charged
Particles”

US Patent# 5,992,244 (Nov. 30, 1999)
Pui, D.Y.H., and Da-Ren Chen
Charged Particle Neutralizing Apparatus and Method of Neutralizing Charged
Particles

US Patent# 5,146,244 (Sept. 8, 1992)
Douglas C. Myhre, Richard J. O'Brien, D.Y.H. Pui, and Chuen-Jinn Tsai
“Window Purging System for a Combustion Instrument”

US Patent# 4,786,188 (Nov. 22, 1988)
Douglas C. Myhre, D.Y.H. Pui, and Larry V. Miller
“Purge Air System for a Combustion Instrument”

US Patent#4,316,360 (Feb. 23, 1982)
B.Y.H. Liu, D.B. Kittelson, D.F. Dolan, and D.Y.H. Pui
“Apparatus for Recycling Collected Exhaust Particles”

US Patent#4,355,504 (Oct. 26, 1982)
B.Y.H. Liu, D.B. Kittelson, D.F. Dolan, and D.Y.H. Pui
“Apparatus for Reducing Particles Discharged by Combustion Means”

US Patent#4,338,784 (July 13, 1982)
B.Y.H. Liu, D.B. Kittelson, D.F. Dolan, and D.Y.H. Pui
“Method of Recycling Collected Exhaust Particles”

US Patents#4,304,096 (Dec. 8, 1981)
B.Y.H. Liu, D.B. Kittelson, D.F. Dolan, and D.Y.H. Pui
“Method for Reducing Particulates Discharged by Combustion Means”